The Hindu Editorial (Extending safety) – May 22, 2021

Pursuing a policy of spreading the interval between two doses of vaccine, the Centre has now outlined more scenarios of second dose deferment. For further reading, visit “The Hindu”. Below is today’s word list-1 for The Hindu Editorial (Extending safety) – May 22, 2021.

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Courtesy: The Hindu

The Hindu Editorial (Extending safety) – May 22, 2021:

defer (verb) – postpone, put off, delay, hold off.
dose (noun) – an amount/quantity of something.
vaccine (noun) – a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease.
stagger (verb) – carry out/perform/pursue in stages; time at intervals (of something as they don’t happen at the same time).
buy time (phrase) – delay, linger, be slow, hold back, lag behind.
pursue (verb) – engage in, conduct, follow.
outline (verb) – indicate, define, summarize.
scenario (noun) – situation, background, context.
deferment (noun) – postponement, delay, rescheduling.
lactating (adjective) – breastfeeding.
vaccinate (verb) – inoculate, administer, introduce (with a vaccine to provide immunity against a disease).
ought to (modal verb) – must, should.
inoculate (verb) – to inject/introduce a vaccine into the body of someone to produce immunity to a particular disease; immunize, vaccinate.
Oxford vaccine/Covishield (noun) – (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) or (AZD1222) is a COVID-19 vaccine candidate developed by Oxford University and AstraZeneca, UK Ltd. (named Covishield in India). Serum Institute of India (SII), a biotechnology company has partnered with global pharma giant AstraZeneca and Oxford University for this vaccine candidate ‘Covidshield’.
underlying (adjective) – fundamental, basic, primary, essential.
vaccination (noun) – treatment with a vaccine to protect against a particular disease; immunization.
roll-out (noun) – official launch/introduction.
take stock (phrase) – review, assess, evaluate.
as well as (phrase) – and also, and in addition.
ferocity (noun) – intensity, severity, strength.
cause (verb) – bring about, result in, give rise to.
free up (phrasal verb) – to make something available.
to each his own (phrase) – each person has the right to form his/her own opinions or have his/her own preferences and choices.
fraction (noun) – proportion, portion, part, percentage.
the privileged (noun) – wealthy, rich, affluent people.
stagnation (noun) – lack of activity/development.
inoculation (noun) – vaccination, injection, immunization; jab, shot.
fall (noun) – decrease, decline, reduction.
recipient (noun) – beneficiary, receiver.
optimal (adjective) – most favourable, optimum, ideal, perfect.
childhood (noun) – the period of being a child.
human trial/clinical trial (noun) – a type of research that studies new tests and treatments and evaluates their effects on human health outcomes.
trial (noun) – test, pilot study, experiment (phase 1, 2,3, and or human/clinical trial).
binding (adjective) – required, necessary, essential.
antibody (noun) – immunizer; it is also called ‘immunoglobulin’; a protective protein produced mainly by plasma (blood) cells in the immune system in response to the presence of antigens (disease-causing organisms (bacteria & viruses) and other harmful/toxic foreign substances like insect venom).
shot (noun) – injection, inoculation (of a vaccine/drug).
marker (noun) – indicator, pointer.
cell-based immunity (noun) – an immune response that does not involve antibodies but rather involves the activation of macrophages and NK-cells, the production of antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen
whereby (relative adverb) – by which.
confer (verb) – present, give, grant.
long-lived (adjective) – lasting, enduring, abiding, durable.
count (verb) – matter, be important, be significant, mean a lot.
given (preposition) – considering, taking into account, bearing in mind.
novel coronavirus (nCoV) (SARS-CoV-2) (noun) – a new strain (type/variety) coronavirus that has not been previously identified in humans. (Courtesy: WHO)
uncertainty (noun) – unpredictability, unreliability, riskiness/precariousness.
documented (adjective) – confirmed, proven, verified; reported.
breakthrough infections (noun) – people getting infections after they are fully vaccinated is when the infections are caused by circulating virus variants, with potential immune escape mechanism, which might reduce the efficacy of vaccines. These are called “vaccine breakthrough infections.”
fall (verb) – occur, take place, happen.
so far (phrase) – until now, up to the present, up to this point.
shed (verb) – cast, send forth, send out, give out, provide.
degree (noun) – amount, level, extent.
put together (phrasal verb) – organize, arrange, assemble, compile, collage.
on the other hand (phrase) – as an alternative, or, as another option, as a substitute.
toll (noun) – number, count, total (number of deaths).
surpass (verb) – be greater than, exceed.
expose (verb) – make vulnerable; subject to something (infectious agents & others).
variant (noun) – different or form or version or mutant of something (virus).
abound (verb) – be in large numbers; be plentiful, be numerous.
complacent (adjective) – careless, casual, unconcerned, uninterested, apathetic, perfunctory; smug, self-satisfied, pleased/proud of oneself, self-opinionated, satisfied, pleased, contented.
gear (verb) – prepare, equip.
room (noun) – scope, opportunity, chance (for something to happen).
knee-jerk (adjective) – unthinking, unintentional, unplanned.
compromise (verb) – undermine, weaken, be detrimental to.
objective (noun) – aim, intention, purpose, target, goal.