The Hindu Editorial (Three to tangle) – Sep 13, 2022

India is understandably upset with the U.S.’s decision to refurbish the F-16 fighter fleet of Pakistan. The fleet has been the backbone of the Pakistan Air Force since the early 1980s, upgraded,… For further reading, visit “The Hindu”. Below is today’s word list-1 for The Hindu Editorial (Three to tangle) – Sep 13, 2022.

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The Hindu Editorial (Three to tangle) – Sep 13, 2022:

tangle (noun) – mess, mix-up, confusion, mishmash.
refit (verb) – refurbish, renovate, overhaul, revamp, restore, rebuild, improve, upgrade, re-equip.
F-16 fighter jet (or) F-16 Fighting Falcon (noun) – The F-16 Fighting Falcon is a compact, multi-role fighter aircraft. It is highly maneuverable and has proven itself in air-to-air combat and air-to-surface attack. It provides a relatively low-cost, high-performance weapon system for the United States and allied nations. One of the most versatile aircraft in the U.S. Air Force inventory, the F-16 Fighting Falcon has been the mainstay of the Air Force aerial combat fleet.
undermine (verb) – weaken, subvert, sabotage, damage.
ties (noun) – association, relationship, bond, connection.
fleet (noun) – a number of vehicles/flights/ships working together (under a single ownership).
backbone (noun) – mainstay, cornerstone, foundation, chief support, buttress, pillar.
replenish (verb) – restore, renew, fill up something (to its earlier level/condition).
periodically (adverb) – occasionally, now and then.
on this account (phrase) – concerning/regarding a particular situation; as a result of, consequently.
interlocutor (noun) – a person who takes part in a dialogue or conversation; middleman, conciliator, mediator, moderator.
successive (adjective) – consecutive.
administration (noun) – government, regime.
maintain (verb) – continue, carry on, keep up, preserve.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) (noun) – NATO was created in 1949 by the United States, Canada, and several Western European nations to provide collective security against the Soviet Union.
ally (noun) – a country/state with an alliance with another one in which they promise to support each other militarily and to defend each other.
component (noun) – element, constituent, unit.
contest (verb) – oppose, challenge, object to, dispute, defy, resist.
Congress (noun) – legislative assembly, parliament; The United States Congress is the bicameral (two chambers) legislature of the federal government of the United States, and consists of two chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate.
stall (verb) – obstruct, impede, hinder, hamper, block, interrupt, stop.
move (noun) – action, act, step, measure.
apprehension (noun) – doubt, misgiving, disquiet, concern.
come true (phrase) – happen, occur, take place, become a reality.
air strike (noun) – attack, air attack, assault.
deploy (noun) – employ forces/troops into effective action.
base (noun) – camp, post, headquarters (of the armed forces).
Line of Control (LoC) (noun) – it is a 450 mile-long military control line lying between India and Pakistan’s controlled parts of the former (under the British) Jammu and Kashmir. This line is not actually a legally recognized international boundary but prevails as per de facto. After the Simla Agreement signed in July 1972, this line was officially renamed as “Line of Control” from “the Cease-fire Line”.
debris (noun) – broken pieces, rubble, wreckage.
missile (noun) – a self-propelled/rocket-propelled weapon designed to deliver a conventional/nuclear explosive warhead with great accuracy at high speed; projectile.
Advanced Medium Range Air-to-Air Missile (AMRAAM) (noun) – it is the world’s most sophisticated, combat-proven air dominance weapon. With more than 30 years of design, upgrades, testing and production, the AIM-120 missile continues to meet warfighter requirements in all weather and beyond visual range. The AMRAAM is being procured for the Air Force, U.S. Navy and America’s allies.
U.S. Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) (noun) – The Defense Security Cooperation Agency, as part of the United States Department of Defense (DoD), provides financial and technical assistance, transfer of defense matériel, training and services to allies, and promotes military-to-military contacts. DSCA leads the broader U.S. security cooperation enterprise in its efforts to train, educate, advise, and equip foreign partners.
notify (verb) – announce.
Foreign Military Sales (FMS) (noun) – Foreign Military Sales (FMS) is the U.S. Government’s program for transferring defense articles, services, and training to our international partners and international organizations. The FMS program is funded by administrative charges to foreign purchasers and is operated at no cost to taxpayers. The Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) administers the FMS program for the Department of Defense (DoD).
electronic warfare (EW) (noun) – Electronic Warfare (EW) represents the ability to use the electromagnetic spectrum – signals such as radio, infrared or radar – to sense, protect, and communicate. At the same time, it can be used to deny adversaries the ability to either disrupt or use these signals.
munition (noun) – bullets, shells, missiles.
mark (verb) – indicate, denote, signify, represent.
thaw (noun) – an increase in friendliness.
summon (verb) – order, call, call for, ask for (someone to appear/be present before an authority).
ambassador (noun) – envoy, diplomat, consul, emissary.
strain (verb) – damage, impair, overburden.
make strides (phrase) – make progress, make headway, gain ground, progress, advance.
difference (noun) – disagreement, difference of opinion, disputation.
lingering (adjective) – continuing, remaining, long-lasting, unabating, prolonged, persistent.
sanctions (noun) – action taken, or an order given to force a country to obey international laws by limiting or stopping trade with that country, by not allowing economic aid for that country, etc (Courtesy: VOA Learning English).
Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (CAATSA) (noun) – CAATSA is a specifically enacted legislation that aims to prevent revenue from flowing to Russia.
warmth (noun) – friendliness, bonhomie, geniality/affability
amid (preposition) – in the middle of, surrounded by; during.
flurry (noun) – spate, series, succession.
engagement (noun) – involvement, taking part, participation, association.
deepen (verb) – grow, increase, intensify.
indulgence (noun) – extravagance, luxury, comfort, non-essential (thing), extra (thing).
dampen (verb) – lessen, decrease, diminish, reduce, lower.
spirit (noun) – true meaning, intention, essence, substance.
hold accountable for (phrase) – to say that someone should accept the responsibility for something.
hold someone accountable for (phrase) – to consider someone responsible for something.
duplicity (noun) – unfaithfulness, faithlessness, disloyalty, falseness, breach of trust, treachery, double-dealing, infidelity, deceit.
amount to (verb) – be equal to, be equivalent to, be tantamount to, represent, denote, point to.
run with the hare and hunt with the hounds (phrase) – try to support both sides of an argument/conflict/dispute.
stay away from (phrasal verb) – avoid, evade, dodge, escape.
humour (verb) – satisfy, pamper, soothe, gratify.
incentivise (verb) – encourage, motivate, galvanize.
immediate (adjective) – actual.
state policy/government policy (noun) – a set of the basic principles, norms, and activities for the implementation of state/government power.
decade (noun) – a period of ten years.
far from (phrase) – not, not at all; nowhere near, a long way from.
seek (verb) – ask for, request, demand.
accountability (noun) – responsibility, liability, answerability.
line (noun) – cause of action, procedure, programme, method.
in the offing (phrase) – likely to happen, on the way, coming soon, coming up, close at hand, imminent, on the horizon, in the wings, just around the corner, upcoming, forthcoming.
bilateral (adjective) – involving two groups or countries.
nourish (verb) – nurture, foster, maintain, sustain.